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Acronyms and Glossary

Acronyms

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Interservice Procedures for Instructional Systems Development :
Acronyms and Glossary (continued)
by Robert K. Branson, Gail T. Rayner and J. Lamarr Cox

GLOSSARY

A

ABILITY GROUPING: Arrangement whereby students are assigned to groups on the basis of aptitude testing.

ABSOLUTE STANDARDS: A statement defining the exact level of performance required of a student as a demonstration that he has mastered the course objective(s). Criterion-referenced tests are usually based on an absolute standard.

ACHIEVEMENT GROUPING: Arrangement whereby students are assigned to groups according to their performance on pretests of units of the course.

ACTION: Occurs in terminal learning objectives and learning objectives; describes the specific behavior the learner is to exhibit after training.

ACTION VERBS: Verbs that convey action and reflect the type of learning that is to occur. Action verbs must reflect behaviors that are measurable, observable, verifiable, and reliable.

ACTIVITY STEP: One simple operation or movement that comprises part of a job. A job performance standard consists of a list of these operations or movements.

ADJUNCT PROGRAMMING: A method of combining the features of good existing instructional materials (e.g., films, textbooks) with special directions or questions to guide the learner.

ADMINISTRATIVE CRITERIA: In media selection, the options that courseware be developed locally or at some central location.

ALGORITHM: A rule or procedure for accomplishing a task or solving a problem.

ALPHANUMERIC: Refers to a combination of letters and numbers; for example, on the keyboard of a teletype.

ALTERNATE PATH: Refers to elements which have relationships in which the specific situation encountered determines the appropriate sequence, or it may be another way of meeting the same objective.

ASSESSMENT: A judgment of the effectiveness and efficiency of a training system, in terms of measurement and evaluation.

ASSOCIATION DEVICES: Memory aids, techniques which ease recall. Mnemonic devices.

ATTITUDE: A persisting state of a person that influences his choice of action.

ATTITUDE MEASURE: An instrument designed to gather information about how people feel toward a particular object. This could include liking or disliking subject matter, usefulness of a medium, or opinions about the medium.

AUDIO-ONLY PROGRAM: A production which does not contain any video or pictures; for example, a record or radio program.

AUDIO PRODUCER: Prepares tape recordings and produces audio programs. The audio producer combines narration, music, and other sound effects in the production of an audio program.

AUDIOVISUAL MEDIA: Refers to any device such as television or film which is both seen and heard.

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Acronyms and Glossary - Page 4 of 24