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Interservice Procedures for Instructional Systems Development :
Executive Summary and Model (Continued...)
by Robert K. Branson, Gail T. Rayner and J. Lamarr Cox

performance with fewer resources. The application of unit cost and unit time reduction techniques often have produced dramatic results.

Basis for ISD

Instructional systems development has grown out of basic research in three separate areas: management sciences, communication sciences, and behavioral sciences.

Examples of basic research areas in the management sciences include: job analysis, occupational survey techniques, decision theory, cost effectiveness models, and computer technology.

From the communications sciences, research in communications, electronics, and media utilization have produced a wide variety of alternative techniques and procedures for accomplishing instructional objectives.

There are three important areas of research in the behavioral sciences which have yielded results that are useful in ISD. Learning research has provided a solid foundation for the design of alternative approaches to instruction.

Measurement and evaluation of behavior has matured to the point that it is possible to have great confidence in the measurement and evaluation procedures.

And, the recent past has seen a large variety of instructional design and management approaches which have yielded impressive results.

These contributions from the management, communications, and behavioral sciences allow for the development of ISD technology. The ISD process includes the capability for specific research and development to resolve existing problems. In addition, because it provides for so many alternatives to traditional forms of instruction, the ISD process allows for the analysis and use of existing research bases.

continued...

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